Last modified January 17, 2016. We've encountered a problem, please try again. The concepts of the self differ in both the Western and Eastern cultures. Proponents Western perspectives about self are inherently dualistic. One could compare the fundamental ideas of the great Chinese philosopher Confucius (l. 551-479 BCE) with those of the Greek philosopher Aristotle (l. 384-322 BCE) and find they are presenting the same basic concepts. In the east there may be a social pressure to conform and therefore, people will keep their opinions to themselves more often. She has published historical essays and poetry. Its the one with the most social credit. A good example is our university, George Mason. Though health care in general is not a clean-cut case around the world and many Countries both easter and western have various versions of healthy care systems. You can read the details below. The popular writer Sankara Saranam, author of the book God Without Religion . One of the main points when considering culture round the world is population size. Required fields are marked *. Home | east vs west cultural differences | East vs West culture Top 20 differences and similarities. Even so, the subtle variation between individual countries suggests that many other surprising factors are also at work. 10. Individual self has Its dependence on other self. Is there also a difference between regions or ethnolinguistic groups in the In the West traditionally companies will hire for longer and expect consistent productivity. In 2010, an influential article in the journal Behavioral and Brain Sciences reported that the vast majority of psychological subjects had been western, educated, industrialised, rich and democratic, or Weird for short. Well, of course, western culture is more dominating, new, and efficient in terms of politics, culture, education, society, and a good lifestyle, than the Eastern Cultures. The Greek philosopherEpictetus(c. 50-130 CE) said the same thing when he wrote, It is not circumstances themselves that trouble people, but their judgments about those circumstances. (Enchiridion, I:v) Epictetus says that one should not even feardeathbecause one does not know whether death is a good or a bad thing. Eastern thoughts: 1. raise questions about the ultimate meaning of life. Participants (n = 104) from two large western universities completed the Draw-An-Engineering-Teacher-Test (DAETT) as part of their elementary science methods course. The criticism that Mo-Ti and Plato aim at different ends, mentioned above, is untenable in that both philosophers make clear that one must concentrate on the improvement of the self before one tries to improve others. what we know about oursleves. the differences in their answers, and the similarities. The best example, however, of the fundamental sameness of eastern and western thought is epitomized in the works of two of the best-known philosophers from their respective hemispheres: Plato (428-348 BCE) of the west and Wang Yangming (1472-1529 CE) of the east. Fitting in is valued over standing out. Having worked in China and Asia for many years, its clear that we all value improving our lives and families lives. Other east vs west differences can be found in the West it is commonplace for companies to give staff 15 days to one month holiday and it is expected that staff will take those days off. Media use, in particular, tended to be the biggest predictor of the shift. The recognition of hunger is an innate human quality which does not need to be taught, and Wang says the same is true of morality. discussing to his/her own family, Elderly person's welfare becomes the Before Emperor Meiji decided to populate the island, the only people to live in Hokkaido were the indigenous Ainu (Credit: Getty Images). For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Western children are also much more comfortable with communicating their own feeling and thoughts about what they should be doing and what they will do. Compare the East and West and review concepts including dualism, monism, polytheism, and texts . In the east holidays are seen as a gift from the government or the company. Related Content In the east it is more likely that people will save money, work hard, and restrain from spending too much. Step #2 of 2. Further illustration of the above philosophies by Plato and Wang points out the similarity. In many cases, the consequences are broadly as you would expect. There is no difference in their fundamental ideas. As an important feature of manufacturing development, agglomeration also plays a substantial role the promotion of technological progress and green transformation. Wang would agree with Plato that anyone can recognize what is good and not good regarding morality. As a child Bird called Iran home, and wanted to go back as an adult after hearing about the country all over the news in her current home, New York City. This can be an odd conversation for westerners who may inquiry why someone is asking such personal questions. In Asia persistence is a communal attribute and the group will persist and work together to achieve. Soon others followed suit, with farms, ports, roads, and railways sprouting up across the island. Although it could be said that there is a stronger revival in China of Asian history and a renewed respect and interest in Asian history. This deference to others seemed like a subtle sign of a more collectivist mindset, and so Talhelm began to wonder what might lie behind the two outlooks. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. -Since the discovery of easternphilosophyby western explorers and scholars in the 18th and 19th centuries CE, there has been an arbitrary division maintained, especially in colleges and universities, between western philosophy and eastern philosophy as though these two systems present radically different views of the world. They also asked people to draw a diagram demonstrating their relationships to their friends and associates: people in individualistic societies tend to draw themselves as bigger than their friends, whereas collectivists tend to make everyone the same size. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. The knowledge of good must, therefore, be innate for human beings to develop the desire of following it in the first place. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's enchanting West-stlicher Divan (1819; "The Parliament of East and West"; Eng. Explore the similarities and differences between how Western and Eastern Worlds perceive God. Wang and Plato both agree that what prevents a person from acting on what they know is selfish desires which confuse people and make them choose to act badly even when they know they should not. Hokkaidos story is just one of a growing number of case studies exploring how our social environment moulds our minds. His mentor, Socrates (the main character in Phaedrus, as in the majority of Plato's works) asks this question of his comrade Phaedrus regarding the quality of writing. The means and ends of a society cannot be judged in terms of the other, because they are incommensurable., Reincarnation, salvation, prayer, 8 fold path, five pillars, and the five key relationships are all a part of both the Eastern and Western religions. In China there is a clear push to innovate and improve technology and commerce in order to drive competitiveness, productivity and improve GDP and job creation. Further, they argue, humans must recognize what is not good in order to reject it, and therefore do not need to be taught goodness but only be directed or educated to act on their innate knowledge of the good. )), Conceptual Framework and Accounting Standards (Conrado T. Valix, Jose F. Peralta, and Christian Aris M. 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In Western culture, the concept of the self is a central motivational universe that is more or less integrated. EASTERN WESTERN MAIN PRINCIPLES. Answer (1 of 13): This question is overarching in its purview; it's syncretic and it might elicit abstractions at inductive level of thought. No infant is ever taught that it 'should' be hungry, and no child is ever instructed in making their need for food known to adults. most respectable person, Western Education focuses on But it is not considered above the communities needs. (Enchiridion, I:v) Epictetus says that one should not even fear death because one does not know whether death is a good or a bad thing. The stillness of death reigned over this magnificent scene, he later wrote. minded and critical, A person is more free and flexible to The philosophers state that all human beings are born with the ability to differentiate right from wrong and bad from good. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. But in the west, parents will send their children to the school closest to their house, which is usually located close to where they were raised or to work. Concepts of the Self: Western and Eastern Perspectives. A similarity between east vs west cultural is that they both put a focus on innovation to keep economies thriving and competitive in the global marketplace. Western and Eastern - Concept of the Self, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Auditing and Assurance Concepts and Applications (Darell Joe O. Asuncion, Mark Alyson B. Ngina, Raymund Francis A. Escala), Principles of Managerial Finance (Lawrence J. Gitman; Chad J. Zutter), The Law on Obligations and Contracts (Hector S. De Leon; Hector M. Jr De Leon), Principios de Anatomia E Fisiologia (12a. Working in Asia for many years, I came across many of the points assigned to Asian culture. 28 Feb 2023. close relatives, Elders are considered as a sacred and Is focused on collectivistic self-concept e.g., intragroup cooperation, interdependence, and. This concept of the self is certain to seem alien to our Western consciousness, which has a decidedly more Platonic view of self-identity. The most important characteristic of the Eastern world view - one could almost say the essence of it - is the awareness of the unity and mutual interrelation of all things and events, the experience of all phenomena in the world as manifestations of a basic oneness. Could these differences translate to a more collectivist or individualistic mindset? This is infact one of the major differences between eastern and western cultures. In this same way, Wang Yangming advocates for the supremacy of intuition in moral matters. A person is more free and flexible to reach on his/her own There is no difference in their fundamental ideas. Web. In particular, the Eastern psychological worldview of Buddhism regards examination of the self as essential for personal growth. Sure enough, Shinobu Kitayama at the University of Michigan has found that people in Hokkaido tend to place a higher value on independence and personal achievement and emotions such as pride than Japanese people from other islands, and they were less concerned about the views of others. 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If you liked this story,sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter, called If You Only Read 6 Things This Week. Westerners and specifically Americans were coming out at the far end of the distributions, says Joseph Henrich at the University of British Columbia, who was one of the studys authors. 2. developed theories of self what it means to be a human being. And this can be divided into six branches that have various importance over time. Philosophers from the east have always been engaged in exactly the same pursuit as their counterparts in the west. Mo-Ti, some claim, aims at a holistic understanding of ones self and ones surroundings while a western philosopher likePlatoemphasizes specific goals one should strive for in discovering what is true and real in life. Tech hubs have been setup in Shenzhen, Dongguan, Guangzhou, Tianjin, Chengdu, etc kr-asia.com and www.scmp.com. By and large, cultures in the West tend to be more individualistic whereas people from the East are more collectivist. Wangs theory of intuition could be compared to one of the most basic of human needs: eating. Whereas in the West it could be said it is the opposite. Company team building is a good example of a collective and helps to not only unite a group under the banner of working towards a common goal, but it also keeps individuals and the group motivated to increase productivity. Both philosophers are involved in the pursuit of same ideas hence it is necessary to state that there is no philosophy for eastern or western but rather there is only one philosophy. Mason is the most diverse campus in the country and is the perfect illustration of how when people of different cultures and backgrounds are integrated, you adopt some of those different views, beliefs, thought-processes, and actions just by being exposed to it. In addition, among western religious believers, their future . Eastern perspectives about self are inherently non-dualistic. Origin. Need we ask anyone to tell us these things?" Nisbett points out that Western philosophers emphasised freedom and independence, whereas Eastern traditions like Taoism tended to focus on concepts of unity. Just as a child knows when it is hungry, a person knows how to be good. And of course, this does not account for every situation on both sides, but in general it has been the case in my experience. All that must be taught is how to apply that innate knowledge appropriately, in the same way that a child is taught the appropriate way to ask for food. Not only do we pay for our servers, but also for related services such as our content delivery network, Google Workspace, email, and much more. The writings put emphasis on the fact that eastern and western similarities are largely similar. Generally speaking - there are many exceptions - people in the West tend to be more individualist, and people from Asian countries like India, Japan or China tend to be more collectivist. Hofstedes model still holds true in 2022 but with some changes. Join 800,000+ Future fans by liking us on Facebook, or follow us on Twitter, Google+, LinkedIn and Instagram. Here are people in nearby counties, but one farms rice one farms wheat and we still found cultural differences., He has since tested his hypothesis in India, which also shows a clear divide in wheat and rice growing regions, with similar results. Perhaps as Western consumers are also harder to please and have a higher expectation to part with their money, innovation is a way to do so. Daniel N. Berkow: is a doctoral student in the counseling psychology program, Department of Counseling and Human Development Services, University of Georgia, Athens. Another crucial area of comparison for eastern and western philosophy is innate morality. In the East and west are similarly respected. Required fields are marked *. Life is a journey towards eternal realities that are beyond the realities that surround us. Wanhyo states that Thinking makes good and bad. He implies that if you think something is good then it is good for you and vice versa. For example, in the west it is common for people to accept traditional ways of thinking and to act in accordance with those value. The differences between the concepts of Wang and Plato are only cosmetic and linguistic. This tendency for self-inflation appears to be almost completely absent in a range of studies across East Asia; in fact, in some cases the participants were more likely to underestimate their abilities than to inflate their sense of self-worth. Gift from the east are more collectivist the West it could be said it is the opposite author of above! 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