On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas, far beyond the reach of federal soldiers. the joint wedding of Hoster's daughter Catelyn to Brandon Stark, eldest son and heir of Lord Rickard of Winterfell, and Lord Rickard's daughter Lyanna to Robert Baratheon, Lord of Storm's End. Begins August 11 entry. Wood was among them. Yes, Boone Hall Plantation did have slaves right from the time it was established in 1681. Brandon kept her enslaved on a cotton plantation until well after the war. Her official freedom papers, at a courthouse in Cincinnati, had been destroyed in an 1849 fire, and her kidnappers had confiscated her personal copy. Harrisonburg by the 16th, butcould not pass the pickets" and found that all the Ferries on Ouachita & Tensas were destroyed or strictly guarded. Backtracks to Alexandria. Harriss said many architectural features were kept true to the original design when the house was renovated in the mid-1980s, apart from closets, bathrooms, and the closed in porch. Brandon was one of many Refugees to Texas who took Refugeed Slaves there to escape emancipating Union armies. For centuries, a story of a haunted tree has been attached to Comingtee. One Sunday afternoon in April 1853, Boyd tricked Wood into taking a carriage ride across the river. The "finest" house at the Brandon Hall Plantation, for example, was built by the enslaved. See menn1964 for more information about this holding., J. H. Coltons map of the state of Louisiana and eastern part of Texas, commented on the unequal application of criminal justice, Walter Williams who died in 1959 at age 117, Philip A. Brandon (b. Whether she succeeded in that quest is unknownbut she did find a lawyer, Harvey Myers. The gang located Wood's employer in Cincinnati, a boardinghouse keeper named Rebecca Boyd, and paid her to join their scheme. Its a database for the ones that are coming up. Often they appeared in the records of the owners who owned slaves as human property, which to us sounds so obscene and alien, said Levengood, whos also a historian. This is terrific. It remains the largest known sum ever granted by a U.S. court in restitution for slavery. This inventory lists the names, ages and capabilities of Arnold's newly . Gerard Brandon, one of the largest slaveholders in the South, bought Wood and took her to his house, Brandon Hall, on the Natchez Trace. Drayton Hall's African American history interpretation began with Richmond Bowens, who was descended from enslaved African Americans at Drayton Hall. That means many American families with slave ancestors could have roots in Virginia, Levengood said. So I find my negroes out of doors, & stock poor, corn high & some difficulty to get it, & separated from my family." It once belonged to Captain Isaac Ross, who freed his slaves at the time of his death. 2023 Smithsonian Magazine It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.[1]. Sanford Poole & Sandy had gone to kill a deer. Middleton arrives, and he gets a package from home. On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas,. In the eyes of Kentucky law, Wood was a slave. One of the Grandest Greek Revival Plantation Homes in the South. Brandon Hall in Natchez, MS was built by Gerard Brandon and his wife Charlotte (Hoggatt). Begins December 24 entry. I really sometimes wish the war was ended, & would rejoice to hear the glad tidings of peace. Begins August 30 entry awakened by a fuss about eggs & a chicken and a slave who has robbed a hen house of a neighbor last night. Learned of others who had been to a poor mans house to beg bread & meat, another robbery of rye to make coffee. Brandon vexed, curses. Before the Civil War, large Southern rice and cotton plantations depended on enslaved African Americans to operate successfully. Carter said the original documents digitized on the site will help her uncover more of her own familys history in Virginia, as well as help her students learn about the era. By suing Ward for the wages she had lost while owned by Brandon, her lawyers made clear that a verdict for Wood was an acknowledgment of the evils of slavery itself. Descendants of slave owners, slaves and freed slaves listen to a history of the plantation. Begins August 3 entry at came near Dr.Milners Spring. The database, which went online last September with 1,500 names, sets itself apart from the few other existing slave databases which limit themselves to specific plantations or to ship manifests that list the captives by their native African names, society officials said. Swing also told the jurors to focus on Wood's kidnapping in assessing the case, and the vast majority of freed people could not show, as Wood did, that they had been re-enslaved. The case was eventually dismissed. He had cautioned the jurors against an excessive award, claiming falsely that many former slaveholders already regretted slavery. The trial began only after eight years of litigation, leaving Wood to wonder if she would ever get justice. Discouraged by possibility of his being taken a prisoner when he tries to return. "I sowed the cotton, hoed the cotton, and picked the cotton. Between 1820 and 1860, nearly one million people were sold down the river.. She must be about 85 years old now. But Wood and her lawyers had argued that the case was about much more than damages from abduction. The house was built c. 1765 by . I first learned of Wood from two interviews she gave to reporters in the 1870s. As one put it, Wood's award was "not a liberal equivalent for the loss of liberty" she had suffered, but it would "be applicable to a great many cases yet untried.". 5-11: a debit and credit ledger for the trip; debits begin on 5 (numbered by Brandon as 7) and then are carried over on 8 through 11, with a final total (summed by me from Brandons subtotals) of $19,145.60 in expenses by February 2; credits begin page 6 (numbered by Brandon as 8) and then continue on 13 to 14, where a final total made by Brandon on February 2 shows $10,168.25 in credits, Begin August 1863 entry. This article originally appeared in Smithsonian Magazine. The great hall of Riverrun was, perforce, the largest single room in the castle. The Foundation also has a photocopy of the original, which includes some pages not in the transcription and also reveals a number of errors in the typescript. Varina Banks Howell, dau of William & Margaret Howell, married Jefferson Davis on Feb 26, 1845 in the parlor of The Briars. Some pictures of the Brandon cemetery are on Flickr. It wasnt until she returned to Mississippi with Brandon in 1866 that she gained her freedom; she continued to work for Brandon, now promised a salary of $10 a month, but she would say she was never paid. Brandon mentions his diary in a letter to his daughter Ella, dated October 21, 1863, and found in the Vonkersburg Family Collection at the Historic Natchez Foundation. Because the award was small, procedural rules prevented Ward from appealing to higher courts where the verdict might have been more widely noticed. Then, in 1878, jurors ruled that Ward should pay Wood for her enslavement. The park like setting, private walking trails, and stocked pond allow for a secluded get-away. In the 1870 census, a 52-year-old Gerard Brandon is listed as a planter in Adams County, Mississippi. They lived in this original dwelling until 1853, when they began construction of Brandon Hall which was completed in 1856. An equally important feature at Brandon Plantation is the rare, carefully restored ca. Few white Americans wished to dwell on those evils. Two days earlier, the jury had watched as Wood took the stand; her son, Arthur, who lived in Chicago, was in the courtroom. The Whites lived in Covington, too, and in the spring of 1853 they persuaded Ward to pay them $300 for the right to sell Wood and pocket the proceeds himself provided he could get her. In June 1866, The New Orleans Daily Crescent published an announcement that Gerard Brandons wife Charlotte was awarded a separation of property between her and her husband by the Court of New Orleans. Saturday April 17, 2021 The widely acclaimed Slave Dwelling Project comes to Natchez April 17 as part of an effort designed to bring attention to the world of the enslaved in the Natchez District. An R. A. Morgan is also listed on the immediately preceding line, with seven slaves valued at $5600. Dudley I think will die. Arrival of Mrs Spark and her son, other Mississippi refugees, who had found and brought Jack Lancaster. The $2,500 verdict, the largest ever of its kind, offers evidence of the generational impact such awards can have. One is hiring negroes to go 300 miles west for the government. Brandon sends 40. See, Trinity River (specific place illegible, but may be Madisonville) (possibly by July 22, when he paid $28 for a ferry, according to page 5 of the journal), qq Transcribe relevant portions of Texas diary, qq Go through probate records on Ancestry. Then, in 1848, Jane Cirode went to a county courthouse and registered Wood as free. Chilly weather. p.3: Deaths on Trip to Texas, continued onto 4. Begins September 29 entry. How many [illegible] I have doctored & sick negroes, swelled feet & legs, swelled stomachs, dyptheria, fever, seems to me nearly all man is heir to, but all well this morning & I am thankful it is no worse. Medicine nearly out. Now I was in trouble. The story told by Bill deepens in complexity, and involves a plot by Ables son to run to Mexico, though most of his slaves deny that they were going to go along. All they needed was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again. Brandon Hall was formally a large working cotton plantation located on the scenic Natchez Trace. Ownership may have meant the purchase of a spouse, an individual's children, or other relatives who were not emancipated. On April 17, 1878, 12 white jurors entered a federal courtroom in Cincinnati to deliver the verdict in a now-forgotten lawsuit about American slavery. The New York Times observed, Files of newspapers of the five years following the passage of the Fugitive Slave Law are filled with stories of the kidnapping of free men in free States. (In fact, free black Northerners had been kidnapped for years before the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.) Brandon Hall Plantation. By 1878, white Northerners were retreating from Reconstruction. Brandon Plantation, one of the nation's oldest working farms along the James River in Prince George County, was sold to a family in Florida for $17.8 million. Mailing Address: Brandon Hall Plantation 1213 Hwy 61 North Natchez, MS 39120 Snowfall, the deepest I ever saw in the South. Begins December 31 entry, bitter cold, water freezes on the shelf inside his cabin. His wife Charlotte (age 49) and his children Mary (15) and Charles (5) are listed as fellow members of the household. A copy was made, 6 October 1804. It remains the largest known sum ever granted by a U.S. court in restitution for slavery. W. Caleb McDaniel is a professor of history at Rice University. Eats well on the road. That story began two centuries ago with Wood's birth in northern Kentucky. W.?) Vital statistics in the below list draw on the Brandon Children website and a public family tree on Ancestry. Wood was never allowed to testify, however, and Ward denied her claims. Begins August 24 entry: no beef as yet now for four days. Slaves dissatisfied. Reflections on number of slaves he has brought: I am now content & feel if I can take care of what I have, I shall do very well., Doesnt like to hire out, & to feed them in idleness, they will soon eat their heads off. Learns of a meeting of locals for resolutions on refugees and the some 1000 or 1500 negroes moved into the region. Someone offers to speak up in Brandons defense, as mine looked clean & orderly. Williams has sent a ham, bucket of butter, & three water mellons. Begins August 29 entry: demands from persons wanting to hire negroes.. In 1889, he was one of the first African-American graduates of what became Northwestern Universitys School of Law. A NCGenWeb Special Project Documented Slave Plantations of North Carolina is a comprehensive database of various plantations derived from a variety of information mediums. Her official freedom papers, at a courthouse in Cincinnati, had been destroyed in an 1849 fire, and her kidnappers had confiscated her personal copy. Her captors' destination was Lexington, Kentucky, where prices for slaves had risen with the Southern cotton economy. Loundon Co. Duncan, Patricia B. Abstracts of Loudoun County Virginia Register of Free Negroes 1844-1861.Willow Bend Books, Westminster Maryland, 2000. Often there was a human connection, and they grew up with these people, and they recorded their birth dates and deaths. Visits another refugee family, hears some incidents they had heard of the occupation of Natchez. Legal trouble with Hughes.12 Talks to lawyer A. Some 80 people came to Saturdays workshop, including Gale Carter, a high school history teacher who flew in from East Chicago, Indiana for the event. not the care, pains & comfort in fixing up places. He couldnt find corn. For them, the money Henrietta Wood demanded for her enslavement made a long-lasting difference. The park like setting, private walking trails, and stocked pond allow for a secluded get-away. The society stores the documents in an archive spanning thousands of square feet, he said. The land on which Brandon Hall now stands first passed into private ownership as a royal grant from the Spanish King Carlos III in 1788. Brandon strictly instructs them not to trade with anyone. His next ferry payment was to cross the Red River on July 11, likely on his way out of Alexandria. "Brandon was a very rich man," Wood later said. On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas, far beyond the reach of federal soldiers. The value of his real estate was $170,000 and his personal estate was $400,000. Friends visit from Waco. They also said that Ward's alleged crimes had occurred too far in the past a recurring argument against reparations. The antique papers turned out to mention slaves. and Mimy and three children $2505. p.4: Some more deaths; notes about wagon loads, presumably of cotton bales; ferriage and tolls on the route to Texas, pp. , had a good dinner & supper, spent a pleasant evening. Asthma & cramp colic. Begins November 13th & 14th" entry, discusses hunting for deer. Mulberry Hill and White Hall Plantations, located in Bryan County, Georgia, had more than 130 slaves when Richard James Arnold took over in 1823. Zebulon Ward was their man. So you may not know you have Virginia ancestors, but you could.. Brandon Hall Plantation, west side. Finally, they announced a verdict that few expected: "We, the Jury in the above entitled cause, do find for the plaintiff and assess her damages in the premises at Two thousand five hundred dollars.". Privacy Statement Lee Hall Plantation: Richard Decatur Lee : 371159N 763432W : 72001510 : Lexington Plantation: George Mason V : 383838N 771156W . Cirode's daughter and son-in-law, Josephine and Robert White, still lived in Kentucky and disagreed with Jane Cirode's manumission of Wood; they viewed her as their inheritance. She was soon sold again, to a French immigrant, William Cirode, who took her to New Orleans. The postwar constitutional amendments that abolished slavery and extended national citizenship to ex-slaves enabled Wood to pursue Ward in federal court. So using a $100,000 corporate grant from Dominion, one of the nations largest producers and transporters of energy, society researchers began examining some of its 8 million manuscripts that Virginia residents have been giving to the historical society since its founding in 1831. "And I know some people might think that's strange," says Belton, 76.. A typed transcription made by Helen Rayne in 1999 (with parenthetical comments by Rayne throughout) was donated to the Dolph Briscoe Center by the Historic Natchez Foundation in 2001. They also said that Wards alleged crimes had occurred too far in the pasta recurring argument against reparations. Anyone who knows me well knows that my imaginary dream house is a Spanish villa or a Colonial period house. Sends Sandy to post office hoping to hear from home. The plantation was named after its original owner, Major John Boone, who came to the Carolina colony from Bermuda. Smithsonian magazine participates in affiliate link advertising programs. At San Agustine by 11th. She was soon sold again, to a French immigrant, William Cirode, who took her to New Orleans. In January 1914, the plantation, house, and land was sold to George Hightower as a result of a default on a promissory note, thus ending an 81-year chain of ownership by the Brandon and Hoggatt families. His wife Charlotte (39) and children Elmina (16), James (14), Charlotte (12), Sarah (9), Agnes (9), Mary (5), and Alice (4) are listed a fellow members of the household. It wasn't until she returned to Mississippi with Brandon in 1866 that she gained her freedom; she continued to work for Brandon, now promised a salary of $10 a month, but she would say she was never paid. It is currently used as a successful wedding venue and bed & breakfast. The first plantations in the Americas of sugar cane, cocoa, tobacco, and cotton were maintained and harvested by African slaves controlled by European masters. You can explore lives and stories of these slaves at the 9 slave cabins in the plantation where the Black History in America Exhibit is displayed. Today, it remains virtually unknown, even as reparations for slavery are once again in the headlines. Danish West Indies, Denmark, Records of Enslaved People, 1672-1917 Inside, behind the handsomely recessed main entrance, were parlor rugs from the Orient, services of English silver, mantels of the finest Italian marble and great pier mirrors from France., Since the 1860 slave schedule was not searchable at the time, the page numbers are provided for the Mississippi and Louisiana slave schedules., The affidavit says that on the 1st of July, 1863, the pending war, and the exigencies of the times compelled his hasty departure from this state for the state of Texas, where he was detained until February 1864. Yet Wood v. Ward did not set a sweeping legal precedent. Even the judge who presided over Woods case, Phillip Swing, viewed it narrowly. 163, Probate Court, Adams County, Miss.) Updated Includes elegant balconies, walkways, gazebo, pond, 2 guest cottages and a 3,438 sqft reception hall. I whippped him a little. Anthony has the money. Then, in 1878, jurors ruled that Ward should pay Wood for her enslavement. FOR SALE: 1856 Brandon Hall Plantation, Natchez, Mississippi Our Restoration Nation 103K subscribers Subscribe 16K 1.4M views 1 year ago Have you ever wanted to own your own historic mansion. There are 10 enslaved women between 31-48 years old listed as mulatto on this schedule. The family plans to occupy the. how Texas has been over stated. Goes Friday to see after some negroes I had hired in Falls Co. Stays with H. L. Bennett. I worked under the meanest overseers, and got flogged and flogged, until I thought I should die.". If you purchase an item through these links, we receive a commission. Brandon Plantation was situated in the area where the regularized production of bright leaf tobacco was developed in the 1820s, an industry requiring slave labor. Few white Americans wished to dwell on those evils. 1856 Brandon Hall In Natchez Mississippi $3,850,000 SOLD 73 Natchez Trace Pkwy, Natchez, Mississippi, 39120 7 beds 8 baths 10,768 sqft 45 acres Plantation Property Website Realtor Information: Jackie Smith PAUL GREEN REALTORS 601-442-2768 About This 1856 Brandon Hall In Natchez Mississippi Brandon Hall C1856. Brandon kept a diary of his Texas sojourn which is probably held today by a family descendant. Brandon married Charlotte Smith Hoggatt in 1840 in Adams County, Mississippi. CNNs Athena Jones reported from Richmond, Virginia and Michael Martinez contributed from Los Angeles. These slaves hadn't been disguised as 'servants . Old Mr. S. Turner bought Jane and children. This mansion on the outskirts of Natchez was once the centerpiece of a large cotton plantation located on the Natchez Trace. Buttermilk at Robertsons. Researching a slaveholder's genealogy can be a time-consuming task, but fortunately, there are many genealogies for South Carolina slaveholders . Begins October 3 entry. Gerard Brandon, Wood's last owner, was one of the largest plantations in all of the American South. Wipple preach. He was sent a bottle of wine, jelly cake, & pies. He came 407 miles.. In 1809 the property was sold at public auction to William Lock Chew for the sum of $7,000. Severe rain and wind. Prince George County: Brandon. A record now at the National Archives in Chicago confirms that he did, in 1879. Property is 45 acres and one of the few private driveways directly off the Natchez Trace Parkway. 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